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Kingdoms of ancient Sri Lanka

 Kingdoms of ancient Sri Lanka 

Sri Lanka, an island nation located in the Indian Ocean, has a rich and complex history that dates back thousands of years. One of the most notable aspects of this history is the presence of various ancient kingdoms that ruled over the island at different points in time. 

Anuradhapura Kingdom: The Anuradhapura Kingdom is widely regarded as the first major kingdom to have emerged in Sri Lanka, dating back to around 377 BCE. It was founded by King Pandukabhaya, who is said to have united the various tribes that inhabited the island at the time. Over the centuries, the kingdom grew in size and complexity, with many notable kings and queens, such as King Devanampiya Tissa and Queen Anula, leaving their mark on Sri Lankan history. Anuradhapura was also home to many impressive religious structures, including the Sri Maha Bodhi, a sacred fig tree that is said to have been grown from a cutting of the Bodhi tree under which the Buddha attained enlightenment.

Polonnaruwa Kingdom: The Polonnaruwa Kingdom was founded in the 10th century CE by King Vijayabahu I, who established the city of Polonnaruwa as his capital. This kingdom is known for its impressive irrigation systems, which allowed for the cultivation of rice and other crops on a large scale. Many significant religious and cultural achievements also occurred during the Polonnaruwa period, such as the construction of the massive statue of the Buddha at Gal Vihara.

Kotte Kingdom: The Kotte Kingdom, located in the southwestern part of Sri Lanka, emerged in the 14th century CE. Its founder, King Parakramabahu VI, established his capital at Kotte, which became a major center of trade and commerce. The kingdom was known for its strong navy, which helped it to defend against foreign invasions. During the Kotte period, many notable works of literature, such as the Kotte Chronicle, were produced.

Sitawaka Kingdom: The Sitawaka Kingdom was founded in the 16th century CE by King Mayadunne, who rebelled against the ruling Kotte Kingdom. The Sitawaka period was marked by a series of wars and conflicts with the Kotte Kingdom and the Portuguese, who had established a presence in Sri Lanka. Despite these challenges, the Sitawaka Kingdom managed to thrive, producing notable figures such as King Rajasinghe I and the Buddhist monk Ven. Sri Rahula.

Kandy Kingdom: The Kandy Kingdom emerged in the late 16th century CE, following the decline of the Sitawaka Kingdom. Its founder, King Sena Sammatha Wickramabahu, established his capital in the city of Kandy, which remained the kingdom's center of power for centuries. The Kandy Kingdom is known for its resistance to European colonization, particularly against the Portuguese and Dutch. During this period, Sri Lanka experienced a cultural revival, with the creation of new works of literature and art. The Kandy Kingdom remained independent until the 19th century, when it was finally conquered by the British.


Tourist hot-spots in ancient kingdoms 

Sri Lanka's ancient kingdoms are home to many tourist hotspots that attract visitors from around the world. Here are some of the most popular tourist attractions in Sri Lanka's ancient kingdoms:

Sigiriya Rock Fortress: Located in the Anuradhapura Kingdom, the Sigiriya Rock Fortress is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that dates back to the 5th century CE. The fortress was built by King Kashyapa, who sought refuge from his brother at the top of the rock. Today, visitors can climb to the top of the fortress to see the stunning views and learn about the history of the site.

Temple of the Tooth: Located in the Kandy Kingdom, the Temple of the Tooth is one of Sri Lanka's most sacred Buddhist sites. It is said to house a tooth relic of the Buddha, which is considered to be a significant religious artifact. Visitors can explore the temple and learn about its history and significance.

Anuradhapura Ancient City: The Anuradhapura Ancient City is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that includes the ruins of the ancient Anuradhapura Kingdom. Visitors can explore the various temples, stupas, and other religious structures that make up the site and learn about the history of the kingdom.

Polonnaruwa Ancient City: The Polonnaruwa Ancient City is another UNESCO World Heritage Site that includes the ruins of the Polonnaruwa Kingdom. Visitors can see the impressive structures, such as the Gal Vihara statues, and learn about the kingdom's history and culture.

Dambulla Cave Temple: The Dambulla Cave Temple is a complex of Buddhist cave temples located in the Anuradhapura Kingdom. The temples are filled with stunning murals and statues and are considered to be some of the best-preserved ancient cave temples in Sri Lanka.

These are just a few of the many tourist hotspots located in Sri Lanka's ancient kingdoms. Visitors to Sri Lanka can also explore the country's beautiful beaches, bustling cities, and lush landscapes, making it a truly unforgettable travel destination.


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